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Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006) - Qatar (2005)

Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006) z Qatar (2005)

 Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006)Qatar (2005)
 Heard Island and McDonald IslandsQatar
Administrative divisions - 10 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Sa'id, Umm Salal
Age structure - 0-14 years: 23.7% (male 104,453/female 100,295)


15-64 years: 72.9% (male 437,118/female 191,830)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 21,599/female 7,756) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products - fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish
Airports - 4 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


over 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 412 sq km


land: 412 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 11,437 sq km


land: 11,437 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve. Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.
Birth rate - 15.54 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget - revenues: $10.17 billion


expenditures: $7.61 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.2 billion (2004 est.)
Capital - Doha
Climate antarctic arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Coastline 101.9 km 563 km
Constitution - ratified by public referendum on 29 April 2003, endorsed by the Emir on 8 June 2004, effective on 9 June 2005
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands


conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands


abbreviation: HIMI		 conventional long form: State of Qatar


conventional short form: Qatar


local long form: Dawlat Qatar


local short form: Qatar


note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar
Death rate - 4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external - $18.62 billion (2004 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Chase UNTERMEYER


embassy: Al-Luqta District, 22 February Road, Doha


mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha


telephone: [974] 488 4101


FAX: [974] 488 4298
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Nasir bin Hamad bin Mubarak al-KHALIFA


chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 and 274-1603


FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061


consulate(s) general: Houston
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - NA
Economy - overview No indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing around the islands. Oil and gas account for more than 55% of GDP, roughly 85% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Oil and gas have given Qatar a per capita GDP about 80% of that of the leading West European industrial countries. Proved oil reserves of 16 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 14 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total and third largest in the world. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves to offset the ultimate decline in oil production. In recent years, Qatar has consistently posted trade surpluses largely because of high oil prices and increased natural gas exports, becoming one of the world's fastest growing and highest per-capita income countries.
Electricity - consumption - 9.046 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production - 9.727 billion kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m		 lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m


highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%
Exchange rates - Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.64 (2004), 3.64 (2003), 3.64 (2002), 3.64 (2001), 3.64 (2000)
Executive branch - chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad al-Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince TAMIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, third son of the monarch (selected Heir Apparent by the monarch on 5 August 2003); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of Minister of Defense and Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces


head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998); First Deputy Prime Minister HAMAD bin JASIM bin JABIR al-Thani (since 16 September 2003; also Foreign Minister since 1992); Second Deputy Prime Minister Abdallah bin Hamad al-ATTIYAH (since 16 September 2003; also Energy Minister since NA 1992)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary


note: in April 2003, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council (CMC), which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services; the first election for the CMC was held in March 1999
Exports - NA
Exports - commodities - liquefied natural gas (LNG), petroleum products, fertilizers, steel
Exports - partners - Japan 41.9%, South Korea 15.8%, Singapore 9.1%, India 5.4% (2004)
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 0.3%


industry: 58.2%


services: 41.5% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $23,200 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 8.7% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 53 06 S, 72 31 E 25 30 N, 51 15 E
Geography - note - strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits
Heliports - 1 (2004 est.)
Highways - total: 1,230 km


paved: 1,107 km


unpaved: 123 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA
Imports - commodities - machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals
Imports - partners - France 26.6%, US 9.5%, Saudi Arabia 9.4%, UAE 6.3%, Germany 5.2%, Japan 5.2%, UK 5.1% (2004)
Independence - 3 September 1971 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 10% (2003 est.)
Industries - crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair
Infant mortality rate - total: 18.61 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.95 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 15.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3% (2004 est.)
International organization participation - ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO
Irrigated land 0 sq km 130 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal


note: under the new judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two court systems, civil and Islamic law, were merged under a higher court, the Court of Cassation, established for appeals
Labor force - 140,000 (2004 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 60 km


border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 1.64%


permanent crops: 0.27%


other: 98.09% (2001)
Languages - Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
Legal system the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters
Legislative branch - unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)


note: no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since; the new constitution, which came into force on 8 June 2004, provides for a 45-member Consultative Council, or Majlis al-Shura; the public would elect two-thirds of the Majlis al-Shura; the amir would appoint the remaining members
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.67 years


male: 71.15 years


female: 76.32 years (2005 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 89.1%


female: 88.6% (2004 est.)
Location islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
Map references Antarctic Region Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
Merchant marine - total: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 525,051 GRT/772,635 DWT


by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 5, container 8, liquefied gas 2, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1


foreign-owned: 6 (Kuwait 6) (2005)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols -
Military branches - Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $723 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 10% (FY00)
National holiday - Independence Day, 3 September (1971)
Nationality - noun: Qatari(s)


adjective: Qatari
Natural hazards Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, fish
Net migration rate - 15.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 319 km; condensate/gas 209 km; gas 1,024 km; liquid petroleum gas 87 km; oil 702 km; oil/gas/water 41 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population uninhabited (July 2006 est.) 863,051 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 2.61% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors - Doha
Radio broadcast stations - AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)
Religions - Muslim 95%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 2.28 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 2.78 male(s)/female


total population: 1.88 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: modern system centered in Doha


domestic: NA


international: country code - 974; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
Telephones - main lines in use - 184,500 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 376,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001)
Terrain Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel
Total fertility rate - 2.87 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate - 2.7% (2001)
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